Alprazolam, more commonly known as Xanax®, is a medication that is prescribed to treat panic attacks and anxiety disorders. It may also be prescribed for depression or agoraphobia (fear of open spaces). It is available in several strengths, and comes in either a tablet or liquid form. It may be taken more than once per day depending on the doctor’s prescription instructions, which can be found on the pharmacy label of the medication.
What is Alprazolam?
According to the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), Alprazolam belongs to a class of medications known as benzodiazepines. These medications work by increasing the effect of a natural chemical that helps calm the brain. It helps the brain not to become over-excited. It is important to remember that alprazolam only helps to calm the brain and is not in any way a cure for the above disorders. It is essential that this medication be taken as directed, and not stopped without a withdrawal plan from a medical provider.
Side Effects of Alprazolam
Alprazolam may cause a variety of side effects for a patient. The NCBI has listed these as the most common side effects of alprazolam:
- Drowsiness
- Light-headedness
- Tiredness
- Dizziness
- Irritability
- Talkativeness
- Dry mouth
- Increased salivation
- Changes in sex drive or ability
- Changes in appetite
- Weight changes
- Difficulty urinating
In the event that these symptoms become severe or do not cease, the patient needs to discuss this with his/her physician at the next regularly scheduled appointment.
In some cases, alprazolam may cause serious side effects. If a patient experiences one of the following symptoms, contact a doctor immediately. The NCBI lists these symptoms in the serious category:
- Seizures
- Seeing things or hearing voices that do not exist (hallucinating)
- Severe skin rash
- Yellowing of the skin or eyes
- Memory problems
- Confusion
- Problems with coordination
Not all side effects of alprazolam may have been reported. If any side effects not listed here or issues develop while taking this medication, the patient should contact a doctor or pharmacist. One can report new side effects directly to the FDA at www.fda.gov or by calling 1-800-332-1088.
Drug Interactions and Special Precautions for Alprazolam
Do not take alprazolam if one is allergic to it or any of its ingredients. It is also important to tell the doctor or pharmacist if one is allergic to any other medications as well. Do not take alprazolam with Sporanox or Nizoral. Talk with one’s doctor about drinking grapefruit juice or alcohol while taking alprazolam, as this may cause unusual side effects.
It is important that one’s doctor and pharmacist be aware of all medications, both prescription and over the counter, vitamins, and herbal supplements that one is taking. Some drugs may need to have dosage adjustments while taking alprazolam. One should also tell the doctor if the patient has ever had glaucoma, depression, lung disease, liver disease or kidney disease. If one is planning on having surgery of any kind, be sure to make it aware that one is taking alprazolam.
This medication in higher doses may cause more serious side effects in individuals 65 and older. Speak with the doctor about the pros and cons of this medication in older patients.
Alprazolam and Pregnancy
The FDA has rated alprazolam in the Pregnancy Category D. This means that alprazolam may cause harm to an unborn child. Studies have shown that taking this medication in early pregnancy can increase the risk of birth defects. If alprazolam is used in the later stages of pregnancy, it may cause the newborn to exhibit withdrawal symptoms. Should one become pregnant or is considering pregnancy, one should speak with a doctor as soon as possible, as alprazolam is not a medication that can be stopped suddenly.
It is important to remember that one’s doctor has prescribed alprazolam because its benefits outweigh the risks for the patient. If concerns arise, speak with the medical provider about those concerns. One should always be an active participant in the decisions regarding medications and medical treatment.
Lindsey Mason - I have been a freelance writer since April of 2006. I write because I have passion regarding the topics I choose. I am constantly ...
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